Ecology of Asiatic Black Bears and Bear-People Interactions in Yushan National Park Ⅱ.
中文摘要
本研究持續第一年的研究計畫，從1999年11月至2000年12月期間，在玉山國家公園的新岡至大分地區，先後進行三梯次的黑熊捕捉繫放活動，捕捉到9隻黑熊（1雌8雄），唯一有重複被捕獲的記錄，是一隻幼體，於10日內被捕獲3次。捕獲的9隻熊，其中5隻過去曾經有斷肢傷口已癒合，受傷程度不一，顯示該熊皆曾經被陷阱夾過，透露出不容忽視的非法狩獵活動。
1999年12月至2000年8月，人造衛星追蹤1隻雌性成體，初步結果顯示，其活動範圍可能大於50平方公里以上，且於繫放後的次年秋、冬季活動於與前一年相同的活動區域。無線電追蹤的結果顯示部份個體冬季不冬眠，晝夜皆會活動。就季節而言，平均每日的活動程度以夏、秋二季最高(0.59)，依次為冬季(0.55)，春季(0.50)。跨年的無線電追蹤與野外觀察黑熊同時顯示，黑熊的活動與食物的分佈及豐富度有密切的關係。
三種有關黑熊食性的調查方法，包括排遺內含物分析、黑熊食痕記錄、訪問原住民，皆顯示黑熊以植物性為主的雜食性特性。
英文摘要
From November 1999 to December 2000, 9(1 female and 8 males) bears were captured in eastern Yushan National Park. Except one male subadult was captured for 3 times within 10 days, no bear had been recaptured. The captured bears included 1 female adult, 6 male adults and 2 subadults. Broken paws or toes due to being illegally trapped experience were found in 5 individuals out of 9 bears. Satellite tracking one female adult showed that its home range was over 50 km2 from December 1999 to August 2000. For the second fall and winter, it also stayed and concentrated in the Dafen acorn forest where it was captured last winter. Data from radio-tracked bears showed that they did not hibernate in winter and could be active both in the day and night time. The mean daily activity level was 0.59 (sd=0.125, n = 66 complete 24-hour cycles), with the highest peak (0.88) in December and the lowest (0.17) in March. Bear movement was close related to food distribution and abundance. Bears were omnivorous, mainly comprised of plant materials based on three methods of diet study, including 8 plant species from scat analysis, 17 plant species from foraging signs, and 45 plant species from interviewing indigenous people.
