中文摘要
玉山國家公園南橫區域地形變化大，鄰近公路高山除南橫三星之外，還有南臺首嶽關山(海拔3668公尺)，本區垂直落差將近2700公尺，棲地多樣性高，物種多樣性亦高，但因交通狀況不佳，每遇颱風、豪雨、地震等天然災害，道路時有中斷之虞，因此相對而言，為玉山園區內研究調查計畫較少之區域。為了解玉山南部園區內南橫公路沿線自2009年莫拉克風災後，蕨類植物(石松類植物雖已獨立於蕨類植物類群，為便於敘述，以下內容以蕨類植物統稱之)豐富度與分布現況，擬針對梅山至埡口路段、中之關步道，並挑選至少一條本區超過3000公尺以上高山路徑進行野外調查。每月安排1-4天進行穿越線調查，並於穿越線上以直徑5公尺的圓形小樣區進行隨機取樣記錄蕨類物種數目，後續分析蕨類物種組成在不同海拔區域之變化，並且探討環境因子的可能影響。
本研究總共調查了328個圓形小樣區，結果總計有2930筆蕨類物種紀錄，海拔分布自919公尺至3225公尺，總計21科231種蕨類，佔玉山園區蕨類植物比例約53％，超過一半以上。計算物種豐富度與Shannon多樣性指數，並建立總物種名錄與各區域名錄。將海拔以100m為一單位設海拔帶（如 0–99 m為海拔帶 0、100–199 m 為海拔帶 1、、、），本研究共23個海拔帶；海拔帶15~26之間為Shannon多樣性指數與物種豐富度最高的區域，此範圍內除海拔帶16之外，指數皆高於3.6以上，最高落在23以及25皆超過4。另依道路性質將樣區分成8個區域：南橫公路1、南橫公路2、埡口林道、塔關山、關山嶺山、庫哈諾辛山、馬馬宇頓山與中之關步道；比較shannon指數，得知多樣性指數最高的區域為南橫公路以及中之關步道。
英文摘要
This project aims to investigate the richness and distribution of fern species (including Monilophyta and Lycophyta) in the south region of Yushan National Park. In total,we set up 328 circular plots with a diameter of 5 meters from 919m to 3223m altitude in this region. Then along altitudinal gradient we take 100m as 1 elevational belt with all investigation plots, totally 23 elevational blets. In conclusion, there were toatlly 21 genera,231species recoreded in this study during January to November in 2021. Which is 53% of the known fern species of Yushan National Park. Due to conduct the present study, elevational belt 15 to 26 presens are the most species-rich ranges. Shannon index had been applied in this study to evaluate the diversity of ferns. The results are similar to fern species-rich aititudinal zone in Taiwan.
This project comes to the immediate and long-term strategies as follows
For immediate strategies:
1.Comparing with the other National Parks, based on fern species richness, Yushan Nation Park represents the most-rich area in Taiwan. The investigation of ferns(Monilophyta and Lycophyta) species-richness data shows a high diversity and aboundance in south region of Yushan Nation Park. This region is suitable to develop lessons or courses with fern for students and public.
2.It is timely to plan manual, pamphlet, handbook or E-book for providing visitors with information and knowledge of fern ecology.Guideline of these fantasy plants even they are without obvious flowers, but the fern species are sensitive and vulnerable plants. It might be a better and unique indicator for monitoring environment.
For long-term strategies:
Fern is one of the best indicator to monitor environment change. This study aims to investigate fern species in southern cross island highway in south region of Yushan National Park firstly. According to the precipitation records in the past dacades, there is a rainfall-peak cycle between 3-4 years. it is suggested to re-investigate the region in the other years to elucidate the fern species composition variation between the elevation and rainfall or other environmental factors.
