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動物

111-112 年度玉山國家公園溪流各流域魚類及甲殼類生態資源調查計畫

Ecological Survey of aquatic biological resources of freshwater fishes and crustaceans in all river basins of the Yushan National Park during 2022-2023
中文摘要
本計畫在玉山園區內之水域魚類及甲殼類物種多樣性調查及研究發現,三大水系區域的水域生態系,在濁水溪24個樣站,魚類計4科7屬9種,甲殼類計2科2屬2種。在秀姑巒溪28個樣站,魚類計4科9屬13種,甲殼類計2科2屬3種。在高屏溪16個樣站,魚類計3科7屬8種,甲殼類計2科2屬2種。
針對園區內各集水區內,主要的溪流水系棲地,進行各項基本水文測項的檢測及監控。整體水質評等皆屬於優良,濁度豐水期時,主流環境變動較大,小支流環境則較穩定。
建議未來推動水域生態普查,及水質現況監測,持續關注水域環境之變動,並撰寫玉山國家公園魚蝦蟹生態圖鑑,更近一步完整陳述魚類及甲殼類之分布及現有生態特色及其資訊。
英文摘要
This project involves various basic hydrological and water quality investigations, as well as surveys on fish and crustaceans in the drainages and lakes (such as Tianchi) of the Yushan National Park. In the hydrological and water quality investigations, key habitats within the watersheds in the Yushan National Park are examined and monitored for basic hydrological parameters.

This current project made significant scientific discoveries in the diversity of fish and crustacean species in the aquatic ecosystems of the Yushan National Park. A new endemic fish species, Yushan hillstream loach (Hemimyzon yushanensis), was discovered in the Kaoping River basin, representing a distinctive species in the Yushan National Park. In the study of freshwater crustaceans, a new species of crab, temporarily named Meishan river crab (Geothelphusa sp.), was discovered in the Meishan Tianchi area and is expected to be formally published next year. Additionally, the research team in the Hualien and Taitung regions made groundbreaking discoveries, including a new species of freshwater crab, Penglai river crab (Candidiopotamon penglai).

Future recommendations include continuous efforts in aquatic ecology surveys, water quality monitoring, and vigilance toward environmental changes in water bodies. It is suggested to publish an ecological guidebook for fish and crustaceans in Yushan National Park, providing comprehensive information on their distribution and ecological characteristics. The guidebook shall include supplemental surveys for unexplored water locations. Additionally, it is recommended to document important species in adjacent areas outside the park, considering climate change impacts, and incorporate them into ecological literature.
基本資料
  • 計畫編號: 1352
  • 辦理方式: 委託研究
  • 主管機關: 內政部國家公園署玉山國家公園管理處
  • 計畫期間: 111 年 7月至 112 年 12 月
  • 執行機關: 國立臺灣海洋大學
  • 年度: 112
  • 計畫經費: 新臺幣147萬元
  • 領域: 自然生態保育
  • 主持人: 陳義雄
  • 中文關鍵字: 生態監測、生態保育、淡水魚類、淡水甲殼類、臺灣特有種
  • 英文關鍵字:Ecological monitoring, Yushan National Park, freshwater fish, freshwater crustaceans, endemic specie
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