The Yushan National Park Headquarters, in light of the crisis faced by the Formosan sambar (Cervus unicolor swinhoei), has already conducted a “Formosan sambar breeding feasibility study,” and planned a breeding program for Meishan Village, Taoyuan Siang, Kaohsiung County. The purpose of this study is to understand the physiology and nutritional needs of the Formosan sambar before implementing the breeding program. The results of this study would be used as a reference for the management of the program and the selection of suitable breeding grounds. This study was focused on the following: reproductive characteristics and antler growth cycles, respiration rate and body temperature, hair composition, monthly blood test results, the effect of tranquilizers on blood test results, the food intake of three common raw food materials, defecation rate and food preference, growth rate of juveniles and the change in weight of adults of the Formosan sambar. Finally, an assessment and survey of the Formosa sambar breeding grounds was conducted.