Census the Butterflies Resources and Review the Indicator Species in Yushan National park
中文摘要
目前台灣已知的蝴蝶種類分屬於11科，約近400種之譜，其中約有39種為台灣特有種蝴蝶。而在玉山國家公園塔塔加、梅山、南安3個遊憩地區於2002年至2010年間陸續調查發現蝶類共有11科282種，顯示玉山園區孕育著豐富的蝴蝶資源。為能再次瞭解園區蝴蝶相的變化與指標物種消長情形，擬計畫瞭解玉山園區蝴蝶資源變動情形。
本案以過去建立的資料為基礎，除了再次調查塔塔加地區蝴蝶資源詳細發生週期之監測外，並追蹤塔塔加鞍部的斑蝶類之來龍去脈與過境斑蝶的發生與週邊地區的相關性，以探討塔塔加鞍部在全島斑蝶移動上的重要性。另再次調查南橫梅山口及花蓮南安地區之蝴蝶資源，比對在99年所調查之資料，探討蝶相變化與遊憩行為對當地生態環境之衝擊。
2016年在三區以穿越線調查法，共記錄10科147種4411隻次蝴蝶，較期中報告的114種增加33種蝴蝶。本年度中台灣黑蔭蝶(Lethe butleri periscelis) 、寬紋黃三線蝶(Symbrenthia lilaea lunicas)、尖翅絨毛弄蝶(Hasora chromus)三種為今年度調查新紀錄種，因此玉山國家公園累積蝴蝶種類數285種。其中各科蝴蝶種類數包括鳳蝶科有27種，粉蝶科有32種，斑蝶科有14種，蛇目蝶科有35種，蛺蝶科60種，長鬚蝶科1種，環紋蝶科1種，銀斑小灰蝶科1種，小灰蝶科68種，小灰蛺蝶科有3種，弄蝶科有43種，累積共285種。
路線一共紀錄10種94隻次蝴蝶，Shannon生物多樣性指數為1.44。路線二共紀錄9種173隻次蝴蝶，Shannon生物多樣性指數為1.18。路線二因含有較多指標物種族群，造成族群分布不均而降低生物多樣性指數，顯示與過去相同的蝶相分布情形。玉山蔭蝶及阿里山琉璃小灰蝶兩指標物種數量在期中報告後都出現單路線單次調查數量達15隻次以上，顯示指標物種族群尚穩定。
本年度調查深受氣候不穩影響，未來蝶相發生情形值得持續追蹤。塔塔加地區調查深受氣候影響，然指標物種玉山蔭蝶及阿里山琉璃小灰蝶族群量尚稱穩定。南安地區新紀錄3種蝴蝶，且生物多樣指數極高，顯示周邊環境穩定，可持續加以監測。梅山地區蝶相尚稱穩定，優勢蝶種仍受農耕開墾影響。塔塔加地區指標物種的監測，建議訓練志工參與建立例行性監測館利機制。
英文摘要
This study was conducted during January to December 2016 at Tataka , Meishan area and Nan-an area in Yushan National Park, to investigate the butterfly resource, monitoring the impacts of recreation, and mark the moving Danaidae There was recorded 10 families, 147species, 4411 individual counts of butterflies in 2016, there are total of 285 species of butterfly in Yushan National Park. Lethe butleri periscelis, Symbrenthia lilaea lunicas, and Hasora chromus, are new recorded species in this year. In Tataka area, it was recorded 10 species, 94 individual counts, and Shannon Index 1.44 in line 1, the line 2 was recorded 9 species, 173 indivdual counts, and Shannon Index 1.18. The line 2 had more indicators in Tataka area. The number of indicators in single-transect-line survey was more than 15 times after the mid-term report in this two transect line, indicating that the population of the two species was stable in Tataka area. The butterfly fauna investigations at 2016 get the same trend with last year, the populations of indicator species was stable, shows the stability of the local environment. However, line 1 with the car park the population of indicators less than the line 2, showing parking facilities open to the impact of high mountain butterflies, butterflies with the proposed ongoing monitoring, operation and management as a reference.
