Present status of wildlife utilization in ceremony and ritual in indigenous communities around Yushan National Park, 2019-2020.
英文摘要
This study aims to understand the present status of wildlife utilization in ceremony and ritual in Bunun indigenous communities around Yushan National Park, including Xinyi Township, Nantou County, Zhuoxi Township, Hualien County, and Taoyuan District, Kaohsiung City. A total of 70 elders and hunters were interviewed and results showed: (1) hunting undertakes mainly in winter or according to personal requirement in contemporary period; (2) traditional ceremony and ritual had been largely presented as tourism attractions nowadays; (3) Hilti powder-actuated tool modified firearms are the most popular hunting weapons, and muntjac, serow, sambar, wild pig and flying squirrel are the most common game species today; (4) hunting area is much smaller and closer to the village compare with that in the previous generation; (5) by-catch non-target species, especially pangolin and black bear, is an important local conservation issue; (6) firearm safety also concerned by the hunters. Present study also mapped 28 traditional hunting grounds within the National Park which belong to the 13 Bunun communities, and majority of them including mountain tops or ridges but not river. Government records in the past 10 years showed that the only Zhuoxi Township followed the regulation to submit hunting application to the government for their annual Malahodaigian (the Ear-shooting Ceremony), others were mostly undertaking simple root-seeking activity as cultural activity. Taoyuan District doesn’t have any hunting application records. Seven trails with appropriate accessibility were surveyed for the camera trapping site selection for long-term wildlife population monitoring. A flowchart of camera trapping sites selection is provided.