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委辦成果報告

生態

玉山國家公園塔塔加吸血昆蟲調查初探

Investigation of blood-sucking insects at Tataka in Yushan National Park
中文摘要
一、研究背景與目的:自民國99年起於塔塔加地區每年暑假都辦理環境教育活動,103年第一梯次(7月4-7日)在公路旁簡易炊煮區發現許多小型飛行昆蟲,之後接獲參與活動志工、學員遭到不明蚊蟲叮咬的訊息,引起皮膚過敏反應,嚴重者於下山後就醫,第二梯次(7月11-13日)於同樣地點,徒手抓獲2隻昆蟲,裝入採集瓶下山送檢。經科博館初步判定為庫蠓屬(Culicoides),本研究欲瞭解塔塔加地區存在之吸血昆蟲種類、出沒地點。

二、研究方法及過程:吸血昆蟲採集法包括燈光吸引法、二氧化碳併氣味吸引法、產卵誘集桶幼蟲採集、人體誘集併掃網,進行每月一次採樣,配合對當地同仁口訪瞭解塔塔加地區吸血昆蟲之危害情況。

三、重要發現:本報告為塔塔加遊憩區第一次針對吸血昆蟲進行調查,發現蚊科及庫蠓屬兩類吸血昆蟲,但依據工作同仁口訪,表示未曾遭蚊科叮咬,約有29%同仁有被疑似庫蠓叮咬的經驗,時間點大多發生於高溫炎熱之夏季。另發現?、隱翅蟲、蝨蠅等非吸血但仍可能造成人類危害昆蟲,仍需提醒到訪遊客注意。

四、主要建議事項:

立即可行建議:
主辦機關:玉山國家公園管理處

1.針對遊客防範部分,建議將目前調查出可能造成人類騷擾昆蟲建立圖片卡,若有遊客或同仁遭叮咬,請遊客指認照片並作記錄,以釐清造成滋擾的昆蟲種類,持續累積相關資料,以掌握昆蟲種類及出沒特性。
2.本研究僅每月上山採集一次,受限於時間或天候狀況,無法完整掌握吸血昆蟲出沒情形,鼓勵塔塔加地區工作同仁參與,於夏季時傍晚至特定區域進行人體誘集及掃網,以掌握更多吸血昆蟲出沒情形。

長期建議:
主辦機關:玉山國家公園管理處
1.建議持續對目前發現吸血昆蟲進行深入生態研究,找出寄主動物,以瞭解吸血昆蟲對於寄主動物的影響。
英文摘要
A few students and volunteers were bitten by unknown insects during a summer camp at Tataka in July 2004, causing intense itching and one person’s allergic reaction was so severe that they even had to see a doctor. The purpose of this project is to figure out what kind of insects may bite humans or wild animals at elevations over 2,500 meters.
Six different members of the mosquito family and a Culicoides genus were found during this research project. The process was conducted on two days per month from April to October, included setting a Black-light trap, a BG-Sentinel mosquito trap, a DIY-trap, collecting mosquito larva and using large nets when feeling insects approach.
The low capture rate of specimens indicates that it is rare to encounter blood-sucking insects at Tataka, but visitors still need to be reminded of the possibility.
This project comes with immediate and long-term strategies.

For immediate strategies:
1.List piercing and blood-sucking insects with images from the results of this investigation. If someone gets bitten, staff will note the time and location of the event, and ascertain what the suspected insects maybe.
2.Encourage colleagues at Tataka to take part in this project and establish a larger insect database, especially at dusk during summer.

For long term strategies:
1.Find the hosts of these blood-sucking insects in order to evaluate the health of wild animals while minimizing human disturbance
基本資料
  • 辦理方式: 自行研究
  • 執行機關: 玉山國家公園管理處企劃課
  • 年度: 107
  • 計畫經費: 43.95千元
  • 領域: 自然生態保育
  • 主持人: 陳貞妤
  • 中文關鍵字: 吸血昆蟲、塔塔加、庫蠓、蚊
  • 英文關鍵字:blood-sucking insects, mosquito in high altitude, Tataka, Culicoides
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