Aside from building upon the information gained from the broad survey conducted the year, permanent sample plots were set up to obtain a more accurate read on the population of the Formosan reeve’s muntjac (Muntiacus reevesii micrurus ) and Formosan sambar (Cervus unicolor swinhoei). In addition, a survey of the distribution of small mammals in the Tataka saddle where the visitors are the most concentrated was conducted, and the result was used as an environmental index reference. To estimate the total population, apart from observing the traces and piles of feces in the sample plot, the total daily defecation of the Formosan reeve’s muntjac was also recorded. According to the study of the average population density in the study area, there were 91.4 Formosan reeve’s muntjacs per km2, which was much greater than the population density of muntjacs in other national parks in India. The periodic study of the population density of the Formosan sambar showed that there were 0.02 individuals per hectare in the Guangao area, which was far less than sambar deers in Thailand (approx. 0.95 individuals per hectare) but corresponded closely with the estimates made by mountain tribes. In addition, a more in-depth survey was conducted on medium-sized carnivores, including: the Formosan weasel marten (Mustela sibirica davidianai), Formosan gem-faced civet (Paguma larvata taivanai), and Formosan ferret-badger (Melogale moschata subaurantiaca). The survey conducted at Tataka saddle proved that the number of rodents increased in areas with longer histories of human activity and near the edges of road constructions.