1. Study Background: Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road, 34.5km of total length and at an altitude from 1,720 to 2,740 meter, is across in west general restricted area of Yushan National Park. Meilan Saddle, recreational area of Yushan National Park, is located at the end of Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road, but this area remains undevelopment today. Many rare and endangered wild animals were discovered along this road. Largest Picea forest of Taiwan and extensive area of temperate evergreen broad-leaved forest also appear along this road. The object of this study was to understand the ecological resource and historical legacy. Then, we tried to find a suitable management of this region. 2. Study Methods and Processes: The region around Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road is composed of Compartment No. 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 42, 43, and 64 of Yushan Working Circle, Chiayi Forest District Office. We used aerial photographs of this region that were taken from an aircraft by Agricultural and Forestry Aerial Survey Institute in 1979 and 2002 to examine land cover type and it’s dynamic. We made profiles of floristic structure based on forest type and plant composition along Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road and marked the position of permanent-plot of temperate evergreen broad-leaved forest. To show animal and plant resource, we collected related papers and had field investigation. We call on aborigines, foresters, forestry patrols and Jelly Fig pluckers to understand the culture and historical legacies of this region and mark the positions of legacies on maps. According to data of field survey and paper review, we proposed a conservation and interpretation system applicable to this region. 3. Important Findings: Plant ecological resource: There was a complete forest in Compartment No. 26, 27, 28, 29, and 43. Although the forest come to pieces in Meilan Saddle, but the forest area extended gradually by 0.34% every year in this region. Vegetation included Tsuga-Picea zone, Cypress zone and Broad-leaved forest zone along Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road, and it could separate into 27 Dominance-type. We found 25 Picea forests of different sizes in this study region. 4 larger forest of 51.5％ total Picea forest area concentrated in the region between Mt. Guangdongwan and Mt. Jiuxi. Species inventory shows 492 species of vascular plants along Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road, which belonging to 295 genus and 113 families. 24 species of them are rare. Animal ecological resource: 31 species of mammals belonging to 15 families were recorded. Macaca cyclopis, Martes flavigula chrysospila, Paguma larvata taivana, Muntiacus reevesi micrurus, Cervus unicolor swinhoei and Naemorhedus swinhoei are rare species. Selenarctos thibetanus formosanus and Neofelis nebulosa are endangered species. There were 54 species of birds belonging to 19 families. Spizaetus nipalensis, Lophura swinhoii, Symaticus Mikado, Ketupa flavipes, Striz aluco and Strix leptogrammica are rare species. 8 species (Accipiter trivirgatus etc.) of them are endangered. Species inventory of insects, amphibians and reptiles were lack in this region. Culture and historical legacies 1) Nantzuhsienchi Ranger Station being composed of 9 buildings was an office to carry out lumbering and afforestation along Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road from 1953 to 1989. This station was closed after 1989. This disused station became a dormitory for forester, road maintaining worker and researcher. 2) Jelly Fig was plucked from October to February in the Chinese calendar. The operation areas including Compartment No. 1, 3, 30, 31, 33 and 35 of Yushan Working Circle were not part of Yushan National Park. There might be illegal felled tree and hunting within National Park due to present Jelly Fig plucking operation. 3) There could be a legacy of camphor extracting hut near 10 km of Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road. The area of this legacy was approximately 10×10×πm2. A extracting stove (60×30×30cm3) constructing by a flagstone was found in this legacy. 4. Main Suggestions and Recommendations: 1) There were rich ecological resources along Nantzuhsienchi Forestry Road, and therefore we proposed that Compartment No. 27, 28, 29, 43, 42 and 64 of Yushan Working Circle should be managed as ecologically protected area. Meilan Saddle was not developed after Yushan National Park being established, then, forest ecology of this region regenerated gradually. We also suggested that Meilan recreational area should be treated as ecological preserve. Compartment No. 24 and 25 closed to Mt. Morrison-climbing pathway and Tataka recreational area, and Stream Nantzuhsien divided forests of Compartment No. 24 and 25 from the other. We proposed general restricted area in Compartment No. 24 and 25 could continue. The complete nature forest of this region was easy to reach, so we suggested this region could look on as ‘Scientific reserve’. 2) Nantzuhsienchi Ranger Station already reached the standard of long-term research station, because there was a 15 hectares permanent plot of temperate broad-leaved forest beginning to establish near the station. So, we suggested all building of Nantzuhsienchi Ranger Station should reconstruct as Nantzuhsienchi conservation station and provide a place for narrator training. 3) Inventory of plant species were already completely. We proposed that every subject of forest permanent plot, including forest structure, function and dynamics, should be studied. 4) There were not any information about insect, amphibians and reptiles. We suggested that animal species inventory of these three categories could be proceeded.